What is the difference?
Prediabetes means glucose is raised but below the diabetes range. Sustained habits may prevent or delay type 2 diabetes.
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In type 2 diabetes, the body does not respond well to insulin and may not make enough of it. Prediabetes means glucose is above normal but below the diabetes range. It raises future risk, but supported lifestyle changes can prevent or delay type 2 diabetes.
Symptoms can develop gradually
Thirst, frequent urination, tiredness, blurred vision, or unexplained weight loss need assessment. Glucose can also rise without symptoms.
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Increased thirst, frequent urination, tiredness, and blurred vision can occur, sometimes with unexplained weight loss or repeated infections. Symptoms may also be mild or absent. Seek assessment for these changes, and discuss testing if you have a family history or previous gestational diabetes.
How tests establish a diagnosis
HbA1c reflects about three months. Diagnosis usually needs confirmation, and some health conditions can affect accuracy.
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Testing may include fasting glucose or HbA1c, which reflects average glucose over about three months. A second test is usually needed to confirm diabetes. Pregnancy and some types of anaemia can affect HbA1c interpretation, so your clinician selects the appropriate test and explains the result.